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Computer Data / Voice
Network Cabling Glossary "A"
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D E F G H I J
K L M N O P Q
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A
Ampere
A unit of measure of electrical current.
AC
see Alternating Current.
Acceptance Angle
The largest angle that a guided ray of light is accepted
by a fiber optic cable.
Access Method
The rules by which a network device gains the rights to
transmit a communication on the network. Common methods
include carrier sense multiple access with collision
detection, token passing, and demand priority.
ACR
see Attenuation Crosstalk Ratio.
Alternating Current
An electric current that cyclically reverses the
direction of flow. Frequency is the rate at which a full
cycle occurs in one second.
Amplitude
The maximum value of a varying signal.
Amplitude Modulation
One of three basic methods (see also Frequency and Phase
Modulation) of adding information to a sine wave signal
in which the magnitude of the signal is varied to impose
information on it.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
Analog Signal
An electrical signal that varies continuously without
having discrete values (as with a "digital" signal).
AppleTalk
Apple Computer's networking scheme, integrated into most
Apple system software, that allows Apple computing
systems to participate in peer to peer computer networks
and to also access the services of AppleTalk servers.
See also LocalTalk.
ARCnet
Attached Resource Computer Network. A relatively low
speed form of LAN data link technology (2.5 Mbps)
developed by Datapoint, in which all systems are
attached to a common coaxial cable. ARCnet uses a
token-bus form of medium access control in which a
system transmits only when it has the token
Asynchronous
Transmission where sending and receiving devices are not
synchronized. Data must carry signals to indicate data
division.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
A form of very fast packet switching in which data is
carried in fixed length units called "cells". Each cell
is 53 bytes in length, with 5 bytes used as a header in
each cell. ATM employs mechanisms that can be used to
set up virtual circuits between users, in which a pair
of users appear to have a dedicated circuit between
them. ATM is defined in specifications from the ITU and
ATM Forum.
Attachment Unit Interface
The IEEE 802.3 standard name for the cable connecting an
Ethernet transceiver (MAU) to a networked device. An AUI
cable is equipped with a 15-pin connector that mates
with a 15-pin connector on the networked device.
Attenuation
The decrease in magnitude of a signal as it travels
through any transmission medium such as a cable or
optical fiber. Measured in dB per unit of length.
Attenuation Crosstalk Ratio (ACR)
The difference between attenuation and crosstalk,
measured in dB, at a given frequency. A quality factor
for cabling to assure that signal sent down a twisted
pair is stronger at the receiving end of the cable than
any interference imposed on the same pair by crosstalk
from other pairs.
Audio
Used to describe the range of frequencies within range
of human hearing; approximately 20 to 20,000 Hz.
AUI
see Attachment Unit Interface.
AWG
American Wire Gage - A wire diameter specification. The
smaller the AWG number, the larger the wire diameter.
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